Which type of battery is Suitable for your application? A Comparison Chart



Lead Acid

Li-ion

Cobalt

Li-ion

Manganese

Li-ion

phosphate

Li-ion

titanate

Li-Polymer

NiCad

NiMh

Alkaline

Energy

Density

(Wh/Kg)

30-50

150-250

100-150

90-120

30-110

100-130

45-80

60-120

70-80

Cell Voltage (V)

2

3.6

3.7

3.2-3.3

2.4

3.6

1.2

1.2

1.5

Cycle Life (up to 80% of initial capacity)

200-300

500-1000

500-1000

1000-2000

1000-5000

300-500

1500

300-500

~50

Self- Discharge/

month

5%

<5% (3% -protection circuit)

<5% (3% -protection circuit)

<5% (3% -protection circuit)

<5% (3% -protection circuit)

<5% (3% -protection circuit)

20%

30%

<1%

Charge

Time (hrs.)

8-16

2-4

1-2

1-2

<1

2-4

1-2

2-4

2-3

Operating

Tempera

-ture (C)

-20 to 60

-20 to 60

-20 to 60

-20 to 60

-40 to 55

0 to 60

-40 to 60

-20 to 60

0 to 65

Peak load

current

5C

2C

>30C

>30C

10C

>40C

20C

5C

~2C

Safety & Maintenance

Stable-

(3-6)

Months

(topping charge)

Protection

Circuit mandatory

Protection

Circuit mandatory

Protection

Circuit mandatory

Protection

Circuit mandatory

Protection

Circuit mandatory

Stable-

Fuse

protection

Stable-

Fuse

protection

Stable-

Fuse

Protection

Toxicity

Very

High

Low

Low

Low

Low

Very

High

Low

Low

Low

Cost

Low

High

High

High

High

High

Moderate

Moderate

Low


Secondary batteries:

Rechargeable batteries serves a lifesaving option for many devices and systems, but when it comes choosing the right one leads to a confusion which one to be deployed? A comparison chart below gives feature list comparison of different battery chemistries that are widely used, let’s get tabular!

Fact: About 70 percent of the world’s lithium comes from brine (salt lakes); the remainder is derived from hard rock. Research institutions are developing technology to draw lithium from seawater. Most Li-ion batteries do not contain lithium in metallic form but only in metal oxide. The lithium raw material in a Li-ion battery is only a fraction of one cent per watt, or less than 1 percent of the battery cost. 0.05-1 mg of lithium requires 1 liter of brine/mineral water.



Primary batteries:


Primary (non-rechargeable) batteries plays an important role where charging is impractical and size concerns!


Alkaline

Zinc-Carbon

Li-FeS2

Capacity (AA)

1800-2600

400-1700

2500-3500

Discharge rate

low

Very low

Moderate

Shelf life

7 years

1-2 years

10-15 years

Cell Voltage

1.5

1.5

1.5

Cost

Low

Low

Moderate

Fig: Chart above gives brief comparison on different widely used primary batteries in different size variations.


Tip: Most of the lithium ion battery fires are caused by separator failure that leads to an electrical short- reasons are high discharge rates, ultra-fast charging – Some suppliers recommend to decrease the charge voltage by:- 100–70% capacity apply the full 4.20V/cell (4.35V/cell or higher for some cells)

- 70–50% capacity reduce the voltage limit to 4.15V/cell (4.35V/cell to 4.25V/cell)

- 50% and lower capacity, decrease the voltage to 3.8V/cell.



Fig: Pressure increase between electrodes as a function of cycling and state-of-health (SoH)




Contact Us

Contact us via phone (+1 866-383-1657) or leave a detailed message below for sales, support, or any other needs

*Required Field
*Required Field
I'd like to receive the newsletter. *Check email for confirmation.
*Required Field
8:00am - 12:00pm 12:00pm - 5:00pm